Since the imposition of free market policies in the 1980s, globalization has come to represent an ideological battle between those who favor economic growth and deregulation through the growing power of multinational corporations, versus those who prefer a more sustainable and democratic approach to international development, socio-economic justice, and the securing of basic human rights and needs.
With only piecemeal reforms to the financial system made at
the G20 summit in Pittsburgh, the key tenets of market fundamentalist economic policies still prevail. Not until the global economic system is democratised will the world’s poor be given
priority over the wealthy few, argues Mark Engler.
Under the Washington Consensus, deregulation, liberalisation
and privatisation were imposed on poor countries with scant regard for the
social consequences. The private sector must be regulated to protect the poor
from the shortcomings of the pursuit of profit, says a report by Christian Aid.
Given the environmental limits of the planet, current levels of resource exploitation and waste
production are unsustainable. The most
pressing need is to end overconsumption in the rich world and to focus on eradicating
poverty and reducing inequality, says a report by New Economics Foundation.
The idea of a Tobin tax – a global tax on financial transactions – has
gained newfound popularity in the wake of the financial crisis. While the tax is
not a cure-all, it would send a strong message about the social value of global
finance, says Dani Rodrik.
National
income statistics such as GDP and gross national product are increasingly thought of as
measures of societal welfare, which they are not. Alternative indicators are needed to capture true well-being and sustainability, writes Joseph Stiglitz.
The bonuses paid to executives following the financial
bailout created public outrage at a system that rewards failure and greed. But were
the CEOs and top executives of the big banks and investment firms
really to blame for the financial crisis? By Michael Sandel.
Of all the crises that afflict today's
world, the growing democratic
deficit may be the most severe. Only through dismantling the market
fundamentalism that drives public decision-making can true democracy be
restored, writes Noam Chomsky.